Improvement in projectiles



B. B. Ho'TcHKzss.

l PRoJECTILEs. N,183,674, Patented 0ct.24,1876,.

vvrlrmaslszasz ATTORNEY.

` 'BENJAMINB.. HofroHKiseI-o--Niiw YORK, N. Y.

I MPRQVEMENT "N -PRQJEeTILEs; j,

' Speoiiiea-tioiiforming part ie'tters Patent No.,183,` 674, detedibl 1816.5 599.50m med n, y npfiiaisfe. v

Toitillwhom/it1mm/concern.:4 i near right angles.` When the shell explodes Be -itknown that I, B'ENJ'MIN BrHOTOHv these scores determine thelines of fracture, `Klifol New York,city,in the State of New and greatly proniote vthebreaking up of ythe `YSHkf(tcllipoiarily residing at 27 Rue de Choi-f entire shell in to pieces of Just the right magniseul,"Paris, France,) have inventedcertain Im- .tude to be etiective.` c `provements in Pro'ectiles,` ,of ,whichthe fol- The followiu'gis adescription of what I conlowing is 'a-speciiica ti'on: l sider the best means of carrying out the-in- :Theimprovementfis 'more particularly invention. j l'tended for ried ord'iiac butit may serve4 The accompanying drawings form a part of `with lsome advantagein either rid or sinooth- 'this specification.v

hGl'ed pieces of any. caliber. It is especially I Figure .l is mainly a central longitudinal secintended 'for breech-loading'pieces. 4 l .tion,but withthe extreme rear end eleva- "I apply varound an iron shell a-paeking ofl tion. v1liig 2 is acrosssectionon the line e sin i softermetal, as brass in the-form Aof a broad Fig. 1'. Fig. 3 is a .cross-section through the band partially sunk into the body of the shell, packing-beiten a larger scale.

`and peculiarly ridged and chamfered. .The `Siiifiilar letters ofreference indicate-corre .V l

f j front of the packing-belt is of` only the saine" spending parts in allthe hgures.' y f diameter as the body of the projectile. It en- A- is the body ofthe projectile ;-ci,-the cavity 'larges gradually from thence-to about't'i'e'nidr thereiiiandvatthe:ordinarythreaded peek,

` `dle ofthe width of the belt, :where it attains adapted toieceivea fuse-plug of any ordinary l the full diameter requiredier filling the ritled or suitable description. B-B.'. b is a packing- ,grooves of thefpieceufrom' which it is to be belt of brass. It' is applied in the form of a ed. From thence to the rear edge, and al` short tube. I have devised a. peculiar methodl so Vpartiallybii the front half, it is grooved, of applying this, which is niadethe subject of with -groovesextending around like screw` another application for paten t. It may be threads. Theyfmay be formed like a screw in briefly deiined hercas a means for compress .acontinuoushelical line, or they may be sepa ing abrass tube -of larger diameter so as to {.ate independent beads extendingaround like cause it to tightly apply around thcsnnk seat rings.' The front face of each is inclined. 'lliel A' provided for it on the exterior of the body' back face is a littlel` overhangingor under cut. A. The exterior B' of the front portion of the Theseridges, and the spacesl between should belt is chamfered o r conical; the exterior of oiicrus'hing down the summits of the ridges, y cated by b. will nearly, but not quite, ill the spaces be- I'n operation, my projectile, being properly packing enable theA projectile to move easily -the gun, andthe full threaded .force of the through the air. Experimentindicates that, iii packing-belt is received in the slightly-larger .shooting 'at-n. range of. about three miles, the chamber in the rear. On receiving the iin- .same elevation and samev powder give a quai'- pulse of the powder the projectile is'driven inter of lp inile -farther'ight with the chainfered to the ried Tportion., and the lands of I the gun oiit thanwhen thepackinggbelt maintains its easily,l crush down t full diameter to its front edge. The ridgingwhile 'the ridges remain uncrushed, or only llstlie grooves 1n the gun quite as eii'ectively Ysli,.g'l'itlvbent back, opposite the-grooves.-

esisolidinetal.; -1 believe the ridged' surfaces Attempts 4have beenbefore `made to insure arepniore eiectiveL in preventing the escape of the breaking of a projectile in pieces of uniatoolarge quantity of gas, while the iands of form size by giving an angular conteur to the tliegun' are-,able to easily depress the ridges interior cavity. lJl ind the eectnay be much and niakethefpropen impression in the pack' more easily produced-by groovii'g the exterior. High., 'likev entire .y exterior o f the` body. of the I groove the entire exterior? surface with progectileisscoredwith narrow and shallow grooves m, which cross each lother land divide grooves :or scratches, crossing each other at'or.`

g 'e so proportioned that the lands of the gun, thecentral and rear portion islridged, as indiv tween. Thechamfering at 'the front of this prepared, is thrust into the rifled portion of Y he top of the ridges b,

e body of the shell 'finto thirty'or other desired number of parte. ofi nearly 4-ecplel sze.'

When the vrupture ioccnrs -itcommences' et. til-lese grooves, and experimenthes deternmned that the shell in practice b reeks in accordance therewith, even if-the .'grooves nreof e very moderate depth. I propose to groove the shells by machinery', giving each shell a fewV rotations in n teol enalogous to'e-lathe,an.dj

treversing'elong. its surface with a diamondpointed or'other h ard cntter. The grooving mis in two series 'of' splralstA i one right-h ended;n end' the- 'other i left. This.

precise arrangement is'not -e"ssentis.l.'`- The greo'vingene wey m'eybejir'frin" v; the 'other-f' wey directly longitn'dinl.' "I be ive somepor'- tion of the useful'e'eot may befffrealized. by. grccving only in `n'1e' directiomnbut I -prefer' lthe arose-grooves.l 'Various other modifiestions in the forms and proportionsmey-be mede by any good mechanic.` 'Iesteernfitvn preferable i'orm of the projectile to extend the' packing e. little into the rounding of the'fro'nt;

or, in other words,to taperv lthe `point back-' werd .el-little onto the packingbelt. In 4such cese, whetl. have termedthe cham'fer at the front oi the bend is really a continuation. ofI

the taper 0f the point. V

The forms ofthe ridges b may he varied. ,1 een produce a good e'ect by `threads] corresponding to ordinary screw-threads; ",bnt I prefer to make the front side more. inclined, y. than the back, as shown.' The rdging b ene.;`-

bles meto use packing varying'in hardness." from the softest copper to a qite-herd brass,- and yet always allow theconformity of-the s-'me .to the form ofthe gun. with little streiti.-

The object istjo give the least possibler strain' on thegnn-end yet pack the projectile tightly v end r'otate it with certainty. .The extreme ,f periphery" is more yieldingthan the inner tions'l of the packing beltnd its resistance .in5-

creases graduallyinwerd. This insures a more correct centering ofthe, projectile than anyl t pmsking'known' to me;l

"will, when crushed down-to the lands vof the y gnn,' jnst .fill the intervening hol-lows between the ridges, as, midv for the purposes herein specied.

z 2. In-combinationiwith a. body, A,'hnving e 'sunk packing4space. A', and a ridgcdpacking'f lbelt, B. b, .the chalnt'ered or conical front B' on I the seid" pecking', 'as' and `for the purposes.: herein s'pecied.- ,l

3. A double series of evenly-distributed scratches 'or s hellow cuts on the solid exterior ofthe b ody 4offthe shellg es and for the pur'- Aposes specified.'

f yIn testimony-whereof' have hereunto set -my hand this7th"day of October,` 1876, 'in thei Prese Oftwo subscribing witnesses'.

Witnesses:

WM. D. DEY, E.' VoLmmN. 

